论文标题

在没有平均电流的情况下,充电,自旋和热拍噪声:零和有限频率的条件

Charge, spin, and heat shot noises in the absence of average currents: Conditions on bounds at zero and finite frequencies

论文作者

Tesser, Ludovico, Acciai, Matteo, Spånslätt, Christian, Monsel, Juliette, Splettstoesser, Janine

论文摘要

抑制选定电流的非平衡情况在热电学和旋转型等领域中引起了人们的关注,从而提出了相关噪声的表现的问题。我们研究了两末端介质导体中的零电流,自旋和热噪声。在存在电压,自旋和温度偏见的情况下,即使平均电流消失,电荷,自旋和热的噪声也可能很大。但是,一旦存在温度偏差,就必须发生额外的平衡(热)噪声。我们表明,即使存在额外的电压或旋转偏置,这种平衡噪声将在零电荷电荷和自旋射击噪声上设置上限。我们证明,可以分别破坏自旋和电子孔对称性来克服这些边界的热传输。相比之下,我们表明,严格的两端导体的电荷噪声的结合甚至延伸到有限频率方案中。

Nonequilibrium situations where selected currents are suppressed are of interest in fields like thermoelectrics and spintronics, raising the question of how the related noises behave. We study such zero-current charge, spin, and heat noises in a two-terminal mesoscopic conductor. In the presence of voltage, spin and temperature biases, the nonequilibrium (shot) noises of charge, spin, and heat can be arbitrarily large, even if their average currents vanish. However, as soon as a temperature bias is present, additional equilibrium (thermal-like) noise necessarily occurs. We show that this equilibrium noise sets an upper bound on the zero-current charge and spin shot noises, even if additional voltage or spin biases are present. We demonstrate that these bounds can be overcome for heat transport by breaking the spin and electron-hole symmetries, respectively. By contrast, we show that the bound on the charge noise for strictly two-terminal conductors even extends into the finite-frequency regime.

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