论文标题
时间扭转了障碍的状态
Time Reversed States in Barrier Tunneling
论文作者
论文摘要
隧道虽然是一种物理现实，但笼罩在神秘之中。波数据包不能在屏障下构造，并且不能定义组速度。可以在屏障的任一侧观察到隧道颗粒，但是由于与量子测量有关的几个问题，从未探测过屏障下的特性。我们表明，有多种方法可以绕过介观系统中的这些问题，甚至可以在屏障下的量子机械电流中得出一个表达式。开发了一般方案来为任何任意系统得出此表达式。一个人可以使用介镜现象对表达进行几个理论和实验交叉检查。为了进行演示，我们考虑了一个与储层连接的理想的1D量子环，该量子环具有Aharonov-bohm Flux $φ$。它清楚地表明，在屏障下发生传播，导致电流可以非侵入性地测量，理论上交叉检查。时间逆转的国家发挥作用，但没有证据表明违反因果关系。众所周知，逃生的状态在很大程度上稳定，并且在相位波动上具有鲁棒性，使其成为设备应用的可能候选者，因此在屏障下正式化电流很重要。
Tunneling, though a physical reality, is shrouded in mystery. Wave packets cannot be constructed under the barrier and group velocity cannot be defined. The tunneling particle can be observed on either sides of the barrier but its properties under the barrier has never been probed due to several problems related to quantum measurement. We show that there are ways to bypass these problems in mesoscopic systems and one can even derive an expression for the quantum mechanical current under the barrier. A general scheme is developed to derive this expression for any arbitrary system. One can use mesoscopic phenomenon to subject the expression to several theoretical and experimental cross checks. For demonstration we consider an ideal 1D quantum ring with Aharonov-Bohm flux $Φ$, connected to a reservoir. It gives clear evidence that propagation occur under the barrier resulting in a current that can be measured non-invasively and theoretically cross checked. Time reversed states play a role but there is no evidence of violation of causality. The evanescent states are known to be largely stable and robust against phase fluctuations making them a possible candidate for device applications and so formalizing current under barrier is important.
