论文标题
Snowmass2021宇宙边界：现代宇宙中CF04黑暗能源和宇宙加速的局部局部报告
Snowmass2021 Cosmic Frontier: Report of the CF04 Topical Group on Dark Energy and Cosmic Acceleration in the Modern Universe
论文作者
论文摘要
新千年中的宇宙学观察结果极大地增加了我们对宇宙的理解，但几个基本问题仍然没有得到解答。该局部小组报告描述了在未来几十年中，通过将观察结果扩展到$ z <6 $宇宙来解决这些问题。在现代宇宙和通货膨胀时期的宇宙加速度理解的最大机会将由新的V型光谱设施（SPEC-S5）提供，该设施将结合大型望远镜光圈，广阔的视野和高度多路复用。这种设施可以同时提供较低红移处的星系样本，以提供对较小尺度的结构增长的稳健度量，以及在红移$ 2 <z <5 $上的样本，以在最大的尺度上测量宇宙结构，以跨越足够的量表，以探究原始的非测试能力，以搜索量表的范围，以供量表，以供量表范围，搜索量表，以在量表上搜索量表，以遍及量表，量表的量表，量表的量表，量表的量表量表，量表的量表范围是一定的量表。探索不良的模型，并确定总中微子质量和有效数量的光文。还应与Spec-S5一起在较小的尺度上进行许多引人注目的机会。分析DESI和LSST数据的科学合作将需要用于各种活动的资金，包括交叉调查模拟和组合分析。这些实验的结果可以通过较小的程序来大大改善以获取互补数据，包括对超新星和光谱的后续研究，以改善光度红移测量。 Vera C. rubin天文台的最佳未来使用应在本第一个LSST分析进行后的十年晚些时候评估。最后，对探路者项目的投资可以使强大的新宇宙学调查能够在未来的几十年中上网。
Cosmological observations in the new millennium have dramatically increased our understanding of the Universe, but several fundamental questions remain unanswered. This topical group report describes the best opportunities to address these questions over the coming decades by extending observations to the $z<6$ universe. The greatest opportunity to revolutionize our understanding of cosmic acceleration both in the modern universe and the inflationary epoch would be provided by a new Stage V Spectroscopic Facility (Spec-S5) which would combine a large telescope aperture, wide field of view, and high multiplexing. Such a facility could simultaneously provide a dense sample of galaxies at lower redshifts to provide robust measurements of the growth of structure at small scales, as well as a sample at redshifts $2<z<5$ to measure cosmic structure at the largest scales, spanning a sufficient volume to probe primordial non-Gaussianity from inflation, to search for features in the inflationary power spectrum on a broad range of scales, to test dark energy models in poorly-explored regimes, and to determine the total neutrino mass and effective number of light relics. A number of compelling opportunities at smaller scales should also be pursued alongside Spec-S5. The science collaborations analyzing DESI and LSST data will need funding for a variety of activities, including cross-survey simulations and combined analyses. The results from these experiments can be greatly improved by smaller programs to obtain complementary data, including follow-up studies of supernovae and spectroscopy to improve photometric redshift measurements. The best future use of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory should be evaluated later this decade after the first LSST analyses have been done. Finally, investments in pathfinder projects could enable powerful new probes of cosmology to come online in future decades.
