论文标题
观察偶极玻色 - 因子凝结物中的涡旋和涡旋条纹
Observation of vortices and vortex stripes in a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate
论文作者
论文摘要
量化的涡旋是超流体的原型特征。在所有天然系统中，旋转尚未在偶极量子气中观察到。在这里，我们利用了阳离子玻璃菌的偶极 - 偶极相互作用的各向异性性质，以在原本圆柱形对称的薄煎饼形陷阱中诱导角度对称性。将磁场倾斜到径向平面将云畸形通过磁截图，然后将其设置为旋转。在接近径向陷阱频率的搅拌频率时，我们观察到动态不稳定的表面激发的产生，这会导致角动量通过涡流泵入系统。在连续旋转下，涡流将沿田间的条纹构型排列为沿模拟的佐证 - 对偶极涡流的长期预测进行了模拟。
Quantized vortices are the prototypical feature of superfluidity. Pervasive in all natural systems, vortices are yet to be observed in dipolar quantum gases. Here, we exploit the anisotropic nature of the dipole-dipole interaction of a dysprosium Bose-Einstein condensate to induce angular symmetry breaking in an otherwise cylindrically symmetric pancake-shaped trap. Tilting the magnetic field towards the radial plane deforms the cloud into an ellipsoid through magnetostriction, which is then set into rotation. At stirring frequencies approaching the radial trap frequency, we observe the generation of dynamically unstable surface excitations, which cause angular momentum to be pumped into the system through vortices. Under continuous rotation, the vortices arrange into a stripe configuration along the field--in close corroboration with simulations--realizing a long sought-after prediction for dipolar vortices.
