论文标题

概率总商店订购

Probabilistic Total Store Ordering

论文作者

Abdulla, Parosh Aziz, Atig, Mohamed Faouzi, Agarwal, Raj Aryan, Godbole, Adwait, S, Krishna

论文摘要

我们提出$ \ textit {概率的总商店排序(PTSO)} $ - 经典TSO语义的概率扩展。对于给定的(有限状态)程序,PTSO的操作语义会引起无限状态马尔可夫链。我们根据给定的概率分布来解决由于过程调度和内存更新而引起的固有的非确定性。我们提供了一组全面的结果,显示了PTSO的几种属性的可分离性,即(i)几乎是必不可少的(重复)可及性:是否从给定的初始配置开始,几乎可以肯定地访问(几乎肯定地反复访问)一组给定的目标配置。 (ii)几乎无法(重复)达到的性能:是否从初始配置运行,几乎永远不会访问(分别几乎从未反复访问)目标。 (iii)近似定量(重复)可及性:要近似于任意程度的精度,从初始配置开始并(反复)访问目标的运行量度。 (iv)预期的平均成本:近似于任意程度的精度,从初始配置到目标的预期平均成本。我们通过(无限状态)马尔可夫链的经典理论,果断和渴望的马尔可夫链的理论,组合学的特定技术以及可决定性和复杂性结果的经典理论,对经典(非稳态)TSO语义的结果来得出结果。据我们所知,这是第一项考虑在弱内存模型上运行程序的概率验证的工作。

We present $\textit{Probabilistic Total Store Ordering (PTSO)}$ -- a probabilistic extension of the classical TSO semantics. For a given (finite-state) program, the operational semantics of PTSO induces an infinite-state Markov chain. We resolve the inherent non-determinism due to process schedulings and memory updates according to given probability distributions. We provide a comprehensive set of results showing the decidability of several properties for PTSO, namely (i) Almost-Sure (Repeated) Reachability: whether a run, starting from a given initial configuration, almost surely visits (resp. almost surely repeatedly visits) a given set of target configurations. (ii) Almost-Never (Repeated) Reachability: whether a run from the initial configuration, almost never visits (resp. almost never repeatedly visits) the target. (iii) Approximate Quantitative (Repeated) Reachability: to approximate, up to an arbitrary degree of precision, the measure of runs that start from the initial configuration and (repeatedly) visit the target. (iv) Expected Average Cost: to approximate, up to an arbitrary degree of precision, the expected average cost of a run from the initial configuration to the target. We derive our results through a nontrivial combination of results from the classical theory of (infinite-state) Markov chains, the theories of decisive and eager Markov chains, specific techniques from combinatorics, as well as, decidability and complexity results for the classical (non-probabilistic) TSO semantics. As far as we know, this is the first work that considers probabilistic verification of programs running on weak memory models.

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