论文标题
碎片链中有效的跨碎交易执行
Efficient Cross-Shard Transaction Execution in Sharded Blockchains
论文作者
论文摘要
碎片是一种有希望的区块链缩放解决方案。但是目前，当涉及交叉交易时，它遭受了高潜伏期和低吞吐量的损失，即需要多个碎片协调的交易。这些局限性的根本原因是使用经典的两相提交协议的使用，该协议涉及长时间锁定资产。本文介绍了铆钉，这是一种用于区块链碎片的新范式，可实现较低的延迟和跨片交易的较高吞吐率。 Rivet具有单个参考分片运行共识，并且多个工人碎片保持不相交状态并处理系统中交易的子集。 Rivet消除了每个工人碎片中达成共识的需求，因此，可以容忍碎片中更多的故障，并降低了通信开销。我们证明了铆钉的正确性和安全性。我们还提出了一个更现实的框架，用于通过基于实际以太坊交易的基准来评估碎片区块链。使用我们的评估框架，我们对铆钉和基线两相提交的原型实现和基线两相提交的评估证明了跨碎片交易的延迟和吞吐量改进。
Sharding is a promising blockchain scaling solution. But it currently suffers from high latency and low throughput when it comes to cross-shard transactions, i.e., transactions that require coordination from multiple shards. The root cause of these limitations arise from the use of the classic two-phase commit protocol, which involves locking assets for extended periods of time. This paper presents Rivet, a new paradigm for blockchain sharding that achieves lower latency and higher throughput for cross-shard transactions. Rivet has a single reference shard running consensus, and multiple worker shards maintaining disjoint states and processing a subset of transactions in the system. Rivet obviates the need for consensus within each worker shard, and as a result, tolerates more failures within a shard and lowers communication overhead. We prove the correctness and security of Rivet. We also propose a more realistic framework for evaluating sharded blockchains by creating a benchmark based on real Ethereum transactions. An evaluation of our prototype implementation of Rivet and the baseline two-phase commit, atop 50+ AWS EC2 instances, using our evaluation framework demonstrates the latency and throughput improvements for cross-shard transactions.
