论文标题
高度对称电荷分布的库仑爆炸动力学的一般公式
General Formulation of Coulomb Explosion Dynamics of Highly Symmetric Charge Distributions
论文作者
论文摘要
我们提出了一种理论方法，用于研究其自我库仑场下球形，圆柱和椭圆形电荷分布的动力学，以及由于带电颗粒的碰撞和随机运动而引起的随机力。该方法基于从电荷电流连续性方程中找到电荷分布的当前密度，并确定颗粒的漂移速度。后者可用于得出系统的拉格朗日，或用洛伦兹力编写纽顿运动方程。我们发展了一个动力学理论，将由于电子的随机运动包括在我们的模型中。为了证明我们方法的疗效，我们将其应用于各种电荷分布，并将结果与N体模拟进行比较。我们表明，我们的方法在具有正确系数的均匀球形和圆柱电荷分布的包络方程中重现了众所周知的发射术语。我们将模型用于理想气体的重力崩溃以及均匀磁场中圆柱电荷分布的回旋体动力学，并提出了一种测量电子束发射的方法。
We present a theoretical approach to study the dynamics of spherical, cylindrical and ellipsoidal charge distributions under their self-Coulomb field and a stochastic force due to collisions and random motions of charged particles. The approach is based on finding the current density of the charge distribution from the charge-current continuity equation and determining the drift velocities of the particles. The latter can be used either to derive the Lagrangian of the system, or to write Newtons equation of motion with the Lorentz force. We develop a kinetic theory to include the stochastic force due to random motions of electrons into our model. To demonstrate the efficacy of our method, we apply it to various charge distributions and compare our results to N-body simulations. We show that our method reproduces the well-known emittance term in the envelope equation of uniform spherical and cylindrical charge distributions with correct coefficients. We use our model for the gravitational collapse of an ideal gas as well as the cyclotron dynamics of a cylindrical charge distribution in a uniform magnetic field and propose a method to measure the emittance of electron beams.
