论文标题

准拉格朗日模拟的内部边界条件的积聚磁盘

Inner Boundary Condition in Quasi-Lagrangian Simulations of Accretion Disks

论文作者

Dempsey, Adam M., Muñoz, Diego, Lithwick, Yoram

论文摘要

在模拟粘性的积聚磁盘中,内部边界条件尤为重要。如果处理不正确,它会很快诱导不正确的行为,因为粘性时间最短。最近的工作确定了欧拉模拟中正确的内边界。但是,在准拉格朗日模拟(例如,SPH,移动网格和网格的无)中,其中内边界是通过在有限区内删除质量来建模的,内部密度曲线通常会异常耗尽。在这里,我们通过简单的修改通常的方法来说明如何在此类代码中应用边界条件:当一个人去除质量时,必须加快剩余材料的速度,以使磁盘的角动量不变。我们使用1D和2D移动网(AREPO)模拟显示该方案在粘性磁盘中按需要起作用。它没有产生伪造的密度耗竭,并且独立于质量去除率,前提是磁盘已得到充分解决,质量去除率并不那么极端,而不是触发不稳定性。这种“无扭矩”质量去除技术允许使用准拉格朗日代码来模拟粘性磁盘,同时包括各种其他效果。例如,我们将方案应用于对巨大行星扰动的积聚磁盘的2D模拟,其中磁盘演变为粘性稳态。

In simulations of viscously evolving accretion disks, the inner boundary condition is particularly important. If treated incorrectly, it induces incorrect behavior very quickly, because the viscous time is shortest near the inner boundary. Recent work has determined the correct inner boundary in Eulerian simulations. But in quasi-Lagrangian simulations (e.g., SPH, moving mesh, and mesh-less), where the inner boundary is modeled by removing mass within a finite zone, the inner density profile typically becomes anomalously depleted. Here we show how the boundary condition should be applied in such codes, via a simple modification of the usual approach: when one removes mass, one must speed up the remaining material so that the disk's angular momentum is unchanged. We show with both 1D and 2D moving-mesh (AREPO) simulations that this scheme works as desired in viscously evolving disks. It produces no spurious density depletions and is independent of the mass removal rate, provided that the disk is adequately resolved and that the mass removal rate is not so extreme as to trigger instabilities. This "torque-free" mass removal technique permits the use of quasi-Lagrangian codes to simulate viscously evolving disks, while including a variety of additional effects. As an example, we apply our scheme to a 2D simulation of an accretion disk perturbed by a very massive planet, in which the disk is evolved to viscous steady state.

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