论文标题
横向相干长度在相对论碰撞中的影响
Effects of the transverse coherence length in relativistic collisions
论文作者
论文摘要
量子干扰在粒子碰撞中的影响具有双重性质：由于复杂的散射幅度的自动相关性，并且由于传入波数据包的空间相干性而产生。这两种效应在用于离域平面波的传统散射理论中都忽略了，尽管有时必须在粒子和原子物理学中考虑它们。在这里，我们研究了数据包的横向相干长度的作用，特别强调了其中一个粒子被扭曲的情况，也就是说，它带有轨道角动量$ \ ell \ ell \ hbar $。在$ ee，ep $和$ pp $碰撞中，干扰会导致对飞机波横截面的校正，通常在能量上可以忽略不计$ \ sqrt {s} \ gg 1 $ gev，但对于较小的GEV，但对于较小的GEV，尤其是如果有$ | \ ell | | \ ell | > 10^3 $初始状态。除了扰动QCD之外，这些校正仅适度地减弱，使一个校正可以探测宽带振幅的阶段，这是$ s $和$ t $的函数。在此制度中，相干效应可以与QED中的环校正竞争，并促进测试中间和低能量下强相互作用的现象学模型。
Effects of the quantum interference in collisions of particles have a twofold nature: they arise because of the auto-correlation of a complex scattering amplitude and due to spatial coherence of the incoming wave packets. Both these effects are neglected in a conventional scattering theory dealing with the delocalized plane waves, although they sometimes must be taken into account in particle and atomic physics. Here, we study the role of a transverse coherence length of the packets, putting special emphasis on the case in which one of the particles is twisted, that is, it carries an orbital angular momentum $\ell\hbar$. In $ee, ep$, and $pp$ collisions the interference results in corrections to the plane-wave cross sections, usually negligible at the energies $\sqrt{s} \gg 1$ GeV but noticeable for smaller ones, especially if there is a twisted hadron with $|\ell| > 10^3$ in initial state. Beyond the perturbative QCD, these corrections become only moderately attenuated allowing one to probe a phase of the hadronic amplitude as a function of $s$ and $t$. In this regime, the coherence effects can compete with the loop corrections in QED and facilitate testing the phenomenological models of the strong interaction at intermediate and low energies.
